非奇异快速终端滑模及动态面控制的轨迹跟踪制导律

针对飞行器跟踪预设轨迹的问题,提出非奇异快速终端滑模和角度约束的轨迹跟踪制导律。通过引入虚拟目标点,提出参考轨迹曲率半径的期望视线角约束条件,建立带有视线角约束并考虑自动驾驶仪动态特性的轨迹跟踪数学模型。为了保证在有限时间内跟踪预设轨迹并避免出现奇异问题,采用快速非奇异终端滑模和动态面控制方法进行制导律设计。推导出视线角误差和轨迹跟踪误差之间的数学关系,并利用Lyapunov稳定性准则证明轨迹跟踪误差最终有界任意小。与弹道成型轨迹跟踪制导律进行仿真对比,仿真结果表明所提出的制导律具有良好的跟踪性能及鲁棒性。     

Right Intention and the Ends of War

The jus ad bellum criterion of right intention (CRI) is a central guiding principle of just war theory. It asserts that a country’s resort to war is just only if that country resorts to war for the right reasons. However, there is significant confusion, and little consensus, about how to specify the CRI. We seek to clear up this confusion by evaluating several distinct ways of understanding the criterion. On one understanding, a state’s resort to war is just only if it plans to adhere to the principles of just war while achieving its just cause. We argue that the first understanding makes the CRI superfluous, because it can be subsumed under the probability of success criterion. On a second understanding, a resort to war is just only if a state’s motives, which explain its resort to war, are of the right kind. We argue that this second understanding of the CRI makes it a significant further obstacle to justifying war. However, this second understanding faces a possible infinite regress problem, which, left unresolved, leaves us without a plausible interpretation of the CRI. This constitutes a significant and novel reason for leaving the CRI out of the international law of armed conflict (LOAC).     

加拿大移民法律及其对我国的启示

全球化形势下世界人口流动性日趋加强，各国的出入境（移民）管理工作面临更大的挑战。加拿大是一个老牌移民国家，由于历史传统原因，兼采英美法系和大陆法系立法技术，其移民法律体系十分完备，其中有许多可供我国借鉴的地方。     

基于模糊数学的炮射导弹制导装置故障诊断

为解决炮射导弹制导装置故障诊断的不确定性推理问题,有效提高故障诊断的准确性,将模糊数学中的综合评判方法用于炮射导弹制导装置的故障诊断。通过专家经验和故障试验统计数据,构建模糊诊断数学模型,对制导装置故障进行模糊运算和故障诊断,从而确定故障原因。通过具体故障模糊诊断实例验证表明:该方法能够给出定量的故障诊断结果,可较准确地实现故障定位。     

基于趋近律的离散滑模位置跟踪控制

针对不确定对象的主要特点,运用离散滑模变结构理论探索不确定对象的位置跟踪问题。设计了一种离散趋近率滑模位置跟踪算法,推导了滑模控制的可达性条件。该算法以离散位置信号作为输入,设计了离散指数趋近率,根据系统当前的状态,有目的地调整控制器,采用离散Kalman滤波器对干扰和噪声进行滤波。经仿真研究,该算法不仅在无扰动无噪声条件下,能够准确的进行位置跟踪,而且在扰动和噪声时,具有较强的鲁棒性和抗干扰性,较好地满足了位置跟踪控制的要求。     

线导＋尾流自导鱼雷导引方法应用探讨

通过分析平台探测设备获取目标噪声方位信息的局限性,以及线导＋尾流自导鱼雷导引过程中应避免出现的两种情况,提出了利用现有手段和信息进行优化导引的应用方法,特别是经理论分析和试验实践,给出了通过控制目标和鱼雷相对位置以及其它辅助手段来实现线导精确导引的方法,对指导线导鱼雷导引控制的工程实践和战术运用具有重要意义。     

基于非线性最优反馈控制的远程拦截闭环制导

利用非线性最优反馈控制和伪谱轨迹快速重构技术,设计了一种有限推力空间远程拦截自适应闭环制导方法。首先建立了有限推力远程拦截最优制导问题模型,并给出了适用于该问题的非线性最优反馈控制求解原理。然后,将空间变轨动力学模型特点和伪谱法相结合,设计了基于状态量缩减的计算效率改进策略以提高轨迹优化的实时性。基于改进伪谱法进行连续轨迹快速重构,利用开环最优解形成闭环反馈,从而保证制导指令的实时更新,并通过引入控制逻辑对制导算法进行改进。时间最短远程拦截仿真表明,该闭环制导方法在保证任务指标最优性的同时,可以有效抑制J2摄动和计算误差的影响,具有较高的制导精度、自适应性和鲁棒性。     

电偶腐蚀下非稳态扩散瞬时静电场分析

为分析在浓差极化条件下非稳态过程中的静电场分布情况，在斐克第二定律的基础上利用拉普拉斯变换求解电极表面氧浓度随时间的变化。通过法拉第定律分析受氧浓度控制下的电偶腐蚀电流密度，在此基础上利用电流元模型求解电解质溶液中任意位置处产生的瞬时电位及静电场强度，并通过实验验证结果的正确性。结果表明：浓差极化下的非稳态扩散传质产生的静电场及电位会随着时间的增加而逐渐减小，并最终达到稳态，且电流密度会随着氧的浓度减小而减小。     

网络舆论智能引导仿真推演模型与系统构建

传统马甲机械发帖的网络舆论引导方式存在智能水平不高、效果不佳的缺点。人工智能的快速发展为网络舆论智能引导奠定了坚实的理论与技术基础。本文突破新闻传播学的思维定式，利用智能体、系统建模与仿真等理论技术，研究网络舆论智能引导，提出“态势感知-仿真推演-舆论引导”的网络舆论智能引导思路，构建网络舆论智能引导仿真推演模型，明确仿真推演工具，进而构建网络舆论智能引导系统，在仿真推演的基础上实施网络舆论引导，从而颠覆传统马甲的机械式发帖引导方式，破解难以在真实网络环境中直接尝试各种引导策略的困局。本文的研究成果对于丰富网络舆论斗争理论，占领网络舆论制高点，具有重要理论意义和参考价值。     

Integrated guidance and control of guided projectile with multiple constraints based on fuzzy adaptive and dynamic surface

Based on fuzzy adaptive and dynamic surface (FADS), an integrated guidance and control (IGC) approach was proposed for large caliber naval gun guided projectile, which was robust to target maneuver, canard dynamic characteristics, and multiple constraints, such as impact angle, limited measurement of line of sight (LOS) angle rate and nonlinear saturation of canard deflection. Initially, a strict feedback cascade model of IGC in longitudinal plane was established, and extended state observer (ESO) was designed to estimate LOS angle rate and uncertain disturbances with unknown boundary inside and outside of system, including aerodynamic parameters perturbation, target maneuver and model errors. Secondly, aiming at zeroing LOS angle tracking error and LOS angle rate in finite time, a nonsingular terminal sliding mode (NTSM) was designed with adaptive exponential reaching law. Furthermore, combining with dynamic surface, which prevented the complex differential of virtual control laws, the fuzzy adaptive systems were designed to approximate observation errors of uncertain disturbances and to reduce chatter of control law. Finally, the adaptive Nussbaum gain function was introduced to compensate nonlinear saturation of canard deflection. The LOS angle tracking error and LOS angle rate were convergent in finite time and whole system states were uniform ultimately bounded, rigorously proven by Lyapunov stability theory. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) and digital simulation experiments both showed FADS provided guided projectile with good guidance performance while striking targets with different maneuvering forms.